Introduction
God reveals Himself through nature, history, and humanity (General Revelation) and mighty deeds, divine speech, and the incarnation of Christ (Special Revelation).The Creator of the universe invites His creation to know Him, saying, “Let not the wise man boast in his wisdom, let not the mighty man boast in his might, let not the rich man boast in his riches, but let him who boasts boast in this, that he understands and knows me, that I am the Lord who practices steadfast love, justice, and righteousness on earth. For in these things I delight, declares the Lord” (Jeremiah 9:23-24, English Standard Version). God’s delight in love, justice, and righteousness is a testament to His goodness, the truth of which is recorded in Scripture. This sermon will examine the goodness of God as revealed in the Bible through His attributes of being holy, just, merciful, and faithful.
Attribute 1: Holiness
God is holy. Scripture records the seraphim in the throne room calling out to one another, “Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts; the whole earth is full of His glory!” (Isaiah 6:3). God’s holiness refers to Him being separate, set apart, and unique. As theologian Millard Erickson explained, there are two main aspects to this attribute. One is that God is completely unique and separate from His creation. The other is that God is absolutely pure and separate from all evil and sin. God’s perfection, therefore, “is the standard for our moral character and the motivation for religious practice. The whole moral code follows from His holiness.” God’s very nature is the standard of moral perfection.
Charles Ryrie offers an analogy to explain God’s holiness, asking, “What does it mean to be healthy? It is the absence of illness, but also a positive infusion of energy. Holiness is the absence of evil and the presence of positive right. In God, His holiness is a purity of being and nature as well as of will and act.”He is separate from and unblemished by all that is sinful, wicked, and evil.
Some believe that by coming to Christ, their worldly problems will go away, and they will always be happy. Yet, suffering continues in our fallen world. Norman Geisler utilizes God’s holiness to address this problem of evil. It follows that a Holy God would demand holiness of His children. Geisler explains, “Since God is a moral being who made us moral beings like Himself and wants us to be morally perfect like Himself (Matthew 5:48), it is understandable that He would be more interested in our character than our comfort; more concerned about our holiness than our happiness.”
Followers of Christ are expected to model God’s holiness. Scripture teaches believers to “Strive for peace with everyone, and for the holiness without which no one will see the Lord” (Hebrews 12:14). Further, as pointed out by Wayne Grudem, the Apostle Paul “encourages Christians to be separate from the dominating influence that comes from close association with unbelievers (2 Corinthians 6:14-18) and then encourages them, ‘Let us cleanse ourselves from every defilement of body and spirit, bringing holiness to completion in the fear of God’” (2 Corinthians 7:1).This is why Grudem classifies God’s holiness as one of His “communicable attributes.” That is, it is an attribute that is more shared with us than His “incommunicable attributes,” which would be things like His eternity, unchangeableness, and omnipresence.
Recognizing the holiness of God is of mission-critical importance in communicating the Gospel. This is sometimes referred to as the most terrifying truth in scripture because recognizing God’s holiness corresponds with a new understanding of the depth of one’s depravity. Elmer Towns explains, “When we realize God is so holy that he must judge all sin, we begin to understand the necessity of coming to God through Jesus Christ. When Jesus hung on the cross and cried out, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?” (Matthew 27:46), God was actually unable to look upon his own Son as He died, bearing our sins. An understanding of the holiness of God reminds us of the degree to which God loves us.”
Attribute 2: Justice
God is just. Scripture proclaims that “His work is perfect, for all His ways are justice. A God of faithfulness and without iniquity, just and upright is He” (Deuteronomy 32:4). The justice of God reveals that He is a morally perfect and righteous judge. He declares this of Himself through the prophet Isaiah, “I the Lord speak the truth; I declare what is right” (Isaiah 45:19). This declaration of God as sovereign judge stings the postmodern ears of those who believe each individual may live “their truth.” Ultimately, objections to God’s justice reflect man’s desire to be their own god, which has been exploited by Satan since the Garden of Eden when he said to Eve, “You will not surely die. For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be just like God, knowing good and evil” (Genesis 3:5).
Ryrie points out two aspects of God’s justice. The first is His absolute righteousness, which is in relation to Himself, and the second is His relative righteousness, which is in relation to His creation. He explains that “there is no law either within His own being or of His own making, that is violated by anything in His nature. In relation to His creatures… there is no action He takes that violates any code of morality or justice.”He is perfect.
Erickson notes, “Not only does God himself act in conformity with his law, but he also administers his kingdom in accordance with it. That is, he requires that others conform to the law.”God expects His followers to model His justice just as He does with his holiness. Grudem explains, “As a result of God’s righteousness (or justice), it is necessary that He treat people according to what they deserve. Thus, it is necessary that God punish sin, for it does not deserve reward; it is wrong and deserves punishment.”This can be a bitter pill to swallow for those who do not accept the reality that they are sinners in need of a Savior.
It is through the Savior, Jesus Christ, that we find what Daniel Akin refers to as the clearest view of God’s justice. He explains that “Jesus, who was innocent, willingly took on himself the punishment and judgment due to others who were guilty. The Apostle Paul explains, ‘God made Him who had no sin to be sin for us, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God’ (2 Corinthians 5:21). God’s just requirements were fulfilled at the sacrifice of Christ on the cross because God punished the sin of all who would be justified by faith (Romans 3:25-26). God and His ways are just, and he justifies sinners through faith in Jesus.”
Norman Geisler points out the divine dilemma that arises from God’s justice, noting that “God’s infinite justice demands that he punish our sins, but because of his infinite love he has taken the punishment on himself (Isaiah 53:4, 10, 12; Romans 3:26; 2 Corinthians 5:21; 1 Peter 2:24). This is the only way he could remain just and still justify sinners (John 14:6; Romans 3:26).”In His righteousness, God will punish all of the sins of His people. But, in His love, He became a man.
Attribute 3: Mercy
God is merciful. Scripture reveals He is “rich in mercy, because of the great love with which He loved us, even when we were dead in our trespasses” (Ephesians 2:4-5). Erickson explains that this refers to God’s “tenderhearted, loving compassion for his people. It is his tenderness of heart toward the needy. If grace contemplates humans as sinful, guilty, and condemned, mercy sees them as miserable and needy.”
God’s mercy speaks to His goodness toward those suffering and in distress. It speaks to showing pity and compassion. As an example, Grudem points out that “The two blind men who wish Jesus to see their plight and heal them cry, “Have mercy on us, Son of David” (Matthew 9:27).Jesus, the miracle-working healer, does indeed have mercy because the men have faith. He opens their eyes, saying, “According to your faith, be it done to you” (Matthew 9:29).
Geisler speaks to God’s mercy as it relates to His justice. He clarifies that “God’s mercy is not a passion or emotion that negates His justice. Mercy so construed would be a defect in God. It would make Him weak and inconsistent with Himself, unfit to be a judge.”Yet God is a righteous and merciful judge, the judge of the living and the dead.
God’s mercy is far-reaching. Towns details how His mercy is available to a wide range of individuals. The Bible speaks of mercy to the church (2 Corinthians 1:3), mercy to believers (Hebrews 4:16), mercy to Israel (Isaiah 54:7), and mercy to those who are called (Romans 9:15, 18). The mercy of God is demonstrated according to the will of God. ‘And I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy to on whom I will show mercy (Exodus 33:19).”
As with His holiness and justice, God expects His children to emulate His mercy in our dealings with others. In fact, the Lord Jesus Christ taught in His Sermon on the Mount that “Blessed are the merciful, for they shall receive mercy” (Matthew 5:7).
The ultimate demonstration of God’s mercy is the salvation of His people. Akin explains, “The Bible pictures God coming into our lives, taking us just as we are because He is abundantly merciful (Ephesians 2:1-10). Those involved in the work of evangelism and missions must recognize that salvation is of God, yet men and women must respond to God’s grace. Only persons who have heard the good news and who have been enabled by God’s Spirit to respond to this good news are transformed by grace. We affirm the priority of God’s initiating grace while emphasizing both the human responsibility to share the good news of Jesus Christ and the need for men and women to believe the good news (Romans 10:5-17).”
Attribute 4: Faithfulness
God is faithful. Simply put, He keeps all His promises. He is completely reliable. Scripture teaches to “Know therefore that the Lord your God is God, the faithful God who keeps covenant and steadfast love with those who love Him and keep His commandments, to a thousand generations” (Deuteronomy 7:9).
Grudem explains the two major takeaways from God’s faithfulness, which go hand in hand.The first is that the God of the Bible is the one true living God, and therefore any other so-called “god” is an idol. The Lord Jesus Christ affirms this, saying, “And this is eternal life, that they know you, the one true God, and Jesus Christ whom you have sent” (John 17:3). What follows from this is the second takeaway, which is that “Gods words are both true and the final standard of truth. This means God is reliable and faithful in His words. With respect to His promises, God always does what He promised to do, and we can depend on Him to never be unfaithful to His promises.”
Ryrie connects God’s faithfulness with the reliability of the Bible, saying, “Because God is true, He can do nothing inconsistent with Himself. His promises can never be broken or unfulfilled (see 2 Tim 2:13), and the Bible, which is His word, must also be inerrantly true.”God is faithful; therefore, His word is true.
In addition to keeping His promises, God expects His followers to keep their promises also. Erickson points out, “they must keep not only the promises made to God (Psalms. 61:5, 8; 66:13) but those made to their fellow humans as well (Joshua 9:16–21).Of course, the children of a promise-keeping God are expected to be faithful.
Geisler paints a beautiful picture of God’s faithfulness on the basis that those who seek Him find Him (Hebrews 11:6). Accordingly, “if someone is lost in the darkness of a jungle and sees even a small light, he should follow it. And if he does, it gets bigger. If he turns his back on the small light (of nature), he will find himself lost in the darkness.”
Ultimately, God’s faithfulness shines through the light of His Gospel. Akin explains, “But the gospel of God in the ministry and preaching of Jesus, as well as in the technical sense in reference especially to His death and resurrection, has a long backstory full of hope, failure, and surprising twists, and behind it all the merciful faithfulness of the one true creator God who is acting to rescue His world.
Conclusion
In examining God’s goodness, it is important to keep in mind that the infinite Creator of the universe is not just an assemblage of attributes. Theologian Charles Ryrie, who uses the term “Perfections” rather than “Attributes of God” because every attribute of God is perfect, explains, “The various ‘Perfections’ of God are not component parts of God. Each describes His total being.”He is perfectly holy, perfectly just, perfectly merciful, and perfectly faithful. God is good.
This is an excerpt from my book, “From Profit to Purpose.” To continue reading, click here.